Volcanoes

Volcanoes are created when hot magma rises to the surface of the Earth's crust and breaks through. Most volcanoes are located on the boundaries of tectonic plates. The term volcano refers to the opening where the molten rock and gases are expelled. Volcanoes are mountains, but they are not like typical mountains. Instead, a volcano is built by the accumulation of its own eruptive products.Thirteen.org: Mountains of Fire

How They Work

All volcanoes occur when hot magma rises to the surface and finds a weak spot in the earth's outer crust. When they break through the earth's crust this produces lava which spews out. This lava flow can reach speeds of up to 60 miles per hour and temperatures of 1,300 degrees Fahrenheit. The lava flow destroys everything in its path.How Stuff Works: How Volcanoes Works

Volcano Types

  1. Cinder conesUSGS: Principal Types of Volcanoes
  2. Composite volcanoesUSGS: Principal Types of Volcanoes
  3. Shield volcanoesUSGS: Principal Types of Volcanoes
  4. Lava domesUSGS: Principal Types of Volcanoes

Volcano Preparedness

  1. Stay away from active volcano sitesFEMA: Volcanoes
  2. Evacuate immediately from a volcano areaFEMA: Volcanoes
  3. Be aware of mudflowsFEMA: Volcanoes
  4. Wear long sleeve shirts, long pants and goggles to protect from falling ashFEMA: Volcanoes
  5. Avoid areas down wind of a volcanoFEMA: Volcanoes
  6. Stay indoors till ash has settledFEMA: Volcanoes
  7. Close doors and windowsFEMA: Volcanoes

Volcanoes Books and Merchandise

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