Hutu and Tutsi

    • Tutsi Population: 2.5 million
    • Hutu Population: 10 million
    • An estimated 77% of Rwandan Tutsis were killed in the 1994 Rwandan Genocide
    • 100,000 to 300,000 Burundian Hutus were killed in a genocide in 1972
    • Tutsis are taller and lighter-skinned with longer noses
    • Hutus are shorter and darker skinned with broad, flat noses
  • The Hutu and Tutsi are two central African tribes who have been involved in civil war since the mid 20th century. In 1994, an estimated 500,000 Tutsis and thousands of Hutus were killed in the Rwandan Genocide. Both groups have occupied the same region for centuries and share a common language and culture.
  • History

    The Hutu are descended from Bantus who worked as fishermen, cattle herders and farmers in Africa's great lakes regions. The taller, cattle-herding Tutsi migrated from northern Ethiopa in the 1300s with the intent to conquer the Hutu, but ended up settling into the local culture and adopting the Bantu language, although they added their own traditions and words into the mix. Intermarriage among the two groups was not uncommon.
  • The Conflict

    It has been theorized that the distinctions between Hutu and Tutsi were not emphasized until the area was colonized by European settlers. When conducting census counts, the Belgians separated Africans into Tutsi and Hutu groups based solely on appearance or wealth. The colonists beleived that the Tutsi were superior because they were taller and had longer noses and therefore more similar to Europeans. On this basis, only Tutsi were allowed to participate in government or seek education. Naturally, this caused dissatisfaction among the Hutu majority. In 1959, the Belgian government reversed this practice and implemented a Hutu government. Civil wars and genocides instigated by both sides have occurred periodically ever since.

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