The Gordon Setter was developed in Scotland in the 16th century by the Duke of Gordon, from which the breed derives its name, by combining the ancestors of the Irish Setter and English Setter. Originally called black and tan setter, they were bred to hunt for birds due to their intelligence and sharp sense of smell.

Gordon Setters are active, highly spirited, and loyal, but not particularly friendly towards strangers. They are exceedingly playful and need lots of daily exercise both by free roaming in their own fenced area and walking with their master on a leash. Gordons are also great with children, especially when they are introduced to them at a young age.

Gordon Setters are generally a healthy breed, but in some cases, can develop hip dysplasia, although not as common as in other large breeds of dogs. Other common problems may include hypothyroidism, progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) and cataracts. Gordons also have a tendency of bloating, which can be prevented by dividing a meal into smaller servings throughout the day.

Initially, Gordon Setters were bred as bird dogs, particularly to hunt pheasant and quail. Today, Gordons still maintain their quick and agile instincts, but are mainly kept more as companions in the home or as show competitors. Basic training is recommended for young Gordons to maintain their high spirits but also to develop their obedience. More importantly, Gordon Setters should only be allowed to play in fenced areas, otherwise, their strong sense of smell might lead them out of your sight and into harm's way.