Ernest Hemingway was a controversial American journalist, poet, short story writer, and novelist.

After growing up in Oak Park, Illinois, the product of a middle aged upbringing, Hemingway got his start as a reporter for the Kansas City Star at the age of seventeen. After the United States entered the World War I, he joined a volunteer ambulance unit in the Italian army but was wounded. After his return to the United States Hemingway became a reporter for several newspapers. Many of Hemingway's novels and stories derive in some part from his own experiences. During the twenties, Hemingway became a member of the group of expatriate Americans in living in Paris and used this experience as inspiration for his first notable work, The Sun Also Rises. Later, Hemingway worked as a reporter during the Spanish Civil War, which inspired his most ambitious novel For Whom the Bell Tolls. Hemingway published his award winning short novel, The Old Man and the Sea later in his life but suffered a series of injuries which spiraled him into depression, alcoholism, and a series of other health problems. Hemingway took his life in 1961.

• 1926: The Sun Also Rises
• 1929: A Farewell to Arms
• 1940: For Whom the Bell Tolls
• 1952: The Old Man and the Sea
• 1964: A Moveable Feast