Emigration

Emigration is the act of leaving one's home country to resettle somewhere else. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/emigrate There are many factors and reasons why this is done. Between 1815 and 1929, emigration from England to America, Canada or Australia, was around 11.4 million. http://web.archive.org/web/20050816165707/http://www.lr.org/services_overview/shipping_information/is038immigration_emigration.htm This occurred because of increased population growth and shifting labor markets. http://www.casahistoria.net/emigration.htm#2.%20Reasons%20for%20Emigration Also, the journey to the New World was monetarily attainable for the poor and the fame of places like America enticed members of the working class leave. http://www.casahistoria.net/emigration.htm#2.%20Reasons%20for%20Emigration Many people in Europe during that time also felt that if the poor emigrated many of the social problems would be alleviated. http://web.archive.org/web/20050816165707/http://www.lr.org/services_overview/shipping_information/is038immigration_emigration.htm However, people also emigrated do to hardship and famine. From 1867-69, Sweden had two years of scorched fields and rotting grain, followed by a year of plague. http://www.americanwest.com/swedemigr/pages/emigra.htm After the potato famine, 1.6 million Irish left for America. http://web.archive.org/web/20050816165707/http://www.lr.org/services_overview/shipping_information/is038immigration_emigration.htm On the other hand, many sailed to Australia in search of gold. http://web.archive.org/web/20050816165707/http://www.lr.org/services_overview/shipping_information/is038immigration_emigration.htm

There is another type of emigrant, called a refugee, that leaves for different reasons than those looking for work abroad. Refugees are forced to flee their country in order to save their lives. Usually, the country that are escaping from is either actively persecuting them for various reasons or has erupted into violence. http://www.unrefugees.org/site/c.lfIQKSOwFqG/b.4950731/k.A894/What_is_a_refugee.htmFurthermore, the refugee is been displaced and is dependent on humanitarian aid. http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19208/

Both European emigrants in the 19th Century and Refugees had a rough journey abroad. During the first half of the 19th Century, passengers lived in between decks and slept in wooden bunks. The trip lasted 40 days for ideal conditions, each preson was given a small ration and there was no sickbay aboard until 1852. http://web.archive.org/web/20050816165707/http://www.lr.org/services_overview/shipping_information/is038immigration_emigration.htm Many did not survive the journey. http://www.americanwest.com/swedemigr/pages/emigra.htm Similarly, people in refugee camp are in devastating conditions and many times malnourished and sick. However, their journey is even more treacherous and filled with more doubt, given the unstable and violent situation they fled from. http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19208/