A Cordless Drill is a hand-held power tool. It is usually used to drill holes or drive screws into surfaces. The cordless feature means freedom from cords and outlets. This is convenient when working in areas that lack outlets or in a large work area.

Before purchasing a drill consider what you will use it for. Drills with higher voltage are more powerful and tend to be heavier and more expensive. Heavier drills are harder to work with. A nine to twelve volt range is usually ideal for the average home owner and weighs only three to five pounds. Lift the drill and see how it balances in your hand. A well balanced drill will be easier to use. Choose one that you can carry comfortably for long periods of time.

The battery determines the length of a work session and is part of the total weight. All batteries are rechargeable but vary in weight and efficiency.

The cheapest battery available is nickel cadmium (NiCd). These batteries are cheaper than others available but can be hazardous if not disposed of properly.

The nickel metal hydride (NiMH) batteries are easier to dispose of and lighter than nickel cadmium.

Lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries are the most efficient with the longest run time and lightest weight. They are also the most expensive. Smart chargers allow faster charging by using a fan to reduce heat.

Bits are attachments that are spun by the drill to perform a variety of tasks depending on the bit type and shape. Most common types are drilling and screwdriver bits. Some bits allow other functions such as sawing, mixing paint, and sanding.

Bits are held in place by a chuck which is either keyed, those that tighten by the use of a key, or keyless, automatically tightening around the bit. Chucks range from quarter to half an inch in diameter. The larger chucks have a larger torque capability but are much slower, these are better for drilling through tough surfaces. The smaller chucks have limited torque but can be very fast so they are better for things like sanding.

Some drills feature variable clutch and speed settings which also allow you to adjust the torque and speed to choose the setting best for the job.

Some drills have other convenient features. Choose a drill with features that are appropriate for your cordless drill usage.

An auxiliary handle has an adjustable angle to for added comfort when working in awkward angles.

An electric brake stops the drill once you stop pressing the trigger to limit over drilling or stripping screws.

The reverse feature helps in removing screws, this is important if you are using a screwdriver bit.

The heat shield and cooling fan helps to prevent overheating.

• CR4: Cordless Drill Battery (March 14, 2008)

• InterNACHI: Battery Recall - Milwaukee Electric Tool Co. (July 7, 2007)

• This Old House: Tom Silva's Cordless Drill (June 4, 2007)

• Peter's Blog: Makita 6170D cordless drill (October 15, 2006)

• Toolmonger: Selecting Your Next Cordless Drill (May 18, 2006)

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