Cirrhosis is a medical condition in which the liver undergoes severe architectural rearrangements, ultimately leading to liver failure and death. The primary pathogenic factors in cirrhosis are fibrosis (scar formation) and formation of regenerative nodules of hepatocytes. Important causes of cirrhosis include viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, metabolic liver disease, cholestatic condtions, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Cirrhosis may be asymptomatic in early stages; this is generally known as compensated cirrhosis. At late stages, cirrhosis may lead to gastrointestinal bleeding, ascites (accumulation of abdominal fluid), edema (tissue swelling), decreased platelet counts, and defects in formation of proteins such as coagulation factors and albumin.