In 2007, both China and Japan launched their first independent missions to explore the Moon. Both missions successfully entered lunar orbits. In response, the China National Space Administration (CNSA) and Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) have stated that they plan to carry out further lunar missions, including robotic and manned missions.Space.com: Japan, China To Extend Successful Lunar Missions (March 31, 2008)

Chinese officials have clearly stated that they do not consider themselves in a race against Japan to reach the Moon.Space Daily: Mission To Moon Not A Race With Others (August 20, 2007) But Japanese officials have likened the Moon missions to the race for the South Pole.FOXNews.com: China, Japan to Launc Lunar Mission (August 24, 2007)