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Guide Note:
Benito Mussolini was the leader of the National Fascist Party and a major proponent of nationalism, corporatism, expansionism, and anti-communism. As a founder of Italian fascism, he used censorship and propaganda to promote his ideology. His National Fascist Party took power after the March on Rome coup d'etat, ousting current prime minister Luigi Facta, and wining the endorsement of King Victor Emmanuel III. He was the Italian Prime Minister from 1922 - 1943. Prominent supporters of the fascist government turned on Mussolini as the Axis powers suffered defeats nearing the close of World War II. Mussolini was executed in 1945 while attempting to escape to Spain. -
Fast Facts:
- Full name: Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolinihttp://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/mussolini_benito.shtml
- Born: July 29, 1883http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/mussolini_benito.shtml
- Birth place:Predappio, Italyhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/mussolini_benito.shtml
- Expelled from school twice for attacking other students
- Was a journalist and public speaker
- Initially opposed Italy's involvement in WWI
- AKA: IL Duce
- Died: April 28, 1945
- After death body was hung for public display
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Axis Alliance
Mussolini's relationship with Hitler was a contentious one at first. Mussolini disagreed with Hitler's views on race, and did not align himself with the opinions expressed in his autobiography Mein Kampf. However, Italy's desire to for a New Roman Empire aligned with Germany's expansionist plans, so Italy entered into the Pact of Steel Treaty, allying themselves with Nazi Germany. -
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Benito Mussolini Timeline
- July 29, 1883: Born in Forli, Italy
- 1902: Emigrates to Switzerland
- 1912: Appointed editor of the socialist journal Avanti and meets Margherita Sarfatti
- 1914: Expelled from the Socialist party, and resigns from Avanti
- 1919: Forms Italian Combat Veteran's League Fascism
- 1921: Wins seat in Parliament
- 1925: Takes Dictatorship over Italy
- 1931: Attempted assassination thwarted
- 1932: Grants asylum to Ante Pavelic
- 1935: Orders invasion of Ethiopia
- 1936: Joins with Adolph Hitler in Rome-Berlin Axis
- 1939: Invades Albania
- 1943: Deposed, arrested, imprisoned in Ponza, escapes to Munich
- April 28, 1945: Shot and killed near Lake Como
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Mussolini in Popular Culture
Benito Mussolini Satire and Humor
- YouTube: Mussolini Acts Like an... (Time: 00:17)
- The National Archives: "Kicking Hitler and Mussolini "
- Snopes.com: Mussolini and On Time Trains
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