Why is the saxophone called a woodwind instrument?
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The Saxophone together with the flute, Clarinet are called "woodwind" instruments and they are literally made of wood which can be played by directing air or "wind" through them to produce tones and sounds.
But you might wonder since the Saxophone is made of brass, but it is played by using a reed which is made of wood. The saxophone was developed by Adolphe Sax who is from in Belgium. Most saxophones whether old or new are made from brass but they are still categorized as woodwind instruments instead of brass as the sound waves are produced by an oscillation of reed and not the player's lips against a mouthpiece like in a brass instrument. Moreover, the different pitches are produced by opening and closing the keys.
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They are called woodwind instruments because their sound waves are produced by oscillating reed. While in brass instruments sound waves comes from player's lips against a mouthpiece. While playing it, more pitches are produced when opening and closing the keys.
A word about its history, saxophone was invented in 1841 by Adolphe Sax from Belgium. It was patented in 1846. As they were less popular they couldn't get credibility in orchestral world. With the passage of time they become popular in army band. From 1920 "key touches" which were made from plastic or mother of pearl were introduced.
You can find more detailed information of saxophone history at http://en.wikipedia.org/wikilsaxophone.
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