What kind of damages occur to eyes due to ultraviolet radiation? What do you look for in sunglasses to help prevent damage?
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Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation damages not only the DNA in cells, but the cell proteins as well. In the lens of the eye, the accumulation of damaged protein molecules can lead to cataract formation; this is the most common eye problem associated with UV exposure. Chronic irritation of the cornea and conjunctiva can lead to pterygium, which is an abnormal tissue membrane that grows over the cornea and can block vision. Some forms of macular degeneration (a progressive disease of the retina that can lead to vision loss in the center of the visual field) may be associated with UV exposure, but this correlation is uncertain. Finally, various types of cancer, including skin cancers around the eye and melanoma within the eye itself, can be trigger by ultraviolet exposure.
Sunglasses should block as much UV radiation as possible from entering the eyes. Look for glasses meeting any of several certification standards, including the ANSI/Z80.3-2008 (US), a "4" rating under AS 1067 (Australia), and a "6" or "7" rating under EN 1836:2005 (Europe). In addition, not all sunglasses block the full field of vision, and for maximum protection sunglasses must completely shield the eyes, using either a wraparound or goggle-type design.
http://www.agingeye.net/visionbasics/uvlightandvision.php
http://www.medscape.com/article/799025-overview
http://www.epa.gov/sunwise/uvandhealth.html#cat
http://www.who.int/uv/health/uv_health2/en/index2.html
http://hcd2.bupa.co.uk/fact_sheets/html/eye_cancer.html#4
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunglasses#Protection
http://www.ansi.org/news_publications/media_tips/sunglasses.aspx?menuid=7
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See: http://www.hidalgos.com/pages/Selecting-Sunglasses.html
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You can leave an optional "tip" with Mahalo's virtual currency, Mahalo Dollars. If you are asking a difficult question that might require some research, or if you'd like a wide variety of feedback, a higher tip often leads to more answers to your question.
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