jasoncalacanis's Avatar
jasoncalacanis 10
1169 Asked
1562 Answered
423 Best
3
No one has voted on this question yet :(
2 years, 4 months ago via Twitter

What countries in the middle east/related region have acceptable human rights records? Which do not?

Tip for best answer: M$6.20
Separate topics with commas, or by pressing return. Use the delete or backspace key to edit or remove existing topics.

You can leave an optional "tip" with Mahalo's virtual currency, Mahalo Dollars. If you are asking a difficult question that might require some research, or if you'd like a wide variety of feedback, a higher tip often leads to more answers to your question.

M$

What is Your Answer?

0
0
0

6 Answers

5
opher's Avatar
opher | 2 years, 4 months ago view on twitter
4
As is everything in the Middle East, this question is an extremely complicated and politically charged one. The answer depends on your point of view. I'll do my best to provide an answer, but I'm sure it will generate a lot of disagreement from those whose point of view clashes with mine.

# Egypt: This is a so-called presidential regime, but is actually much closer to a semi-benign dictatorship. There is little freedom of press, limited freedom of speech, and if the government is unhappy with you, good luck. The human rights situation there is not so good; According to Human Rights First (HRF) (http://www.humanrightsfirst.org/defenders/hrd_egypt/hrd_egypt.aspx?c=e3 ) Egypt has been cracking down hard for the past few years on young bloggers trying to reveal human rights violations.
- quote -
After a period of relative political openness from 2004-2005 that provided the Egyptian civil society and human rights movement with more space and freedom to conduct their activities, the situation of human rights defenders has suffered a serious setback since the spring of 2006. In May of that year, the Egyptian authorities launched a campaign of arrest and repression against Egyptian young bloggers who utilize the Internet to expose human rights violations and the widespread use of torture by the police in Egypt. The crackdown on the bloggers has been followed by a succession of repressive measures taken by the government in what appears to be a growing clampdown on the Egyptian independent human rights community.".
- end quote -

# Iran: A theocratic totalitarian regime, Iran has almost no protection or respect for civil and human rights of its citizens. The recent elections led to widespread allegations of election fraud used to keep the Ahmedinejad government in office, though even had the opposition been allowed to win, the supreme authority is Ayatollah Khamenei who is not subject to democratic election. HRW has the following to say about Iran (see ):
- quote -
With the government of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad continuing to invoke "national security" as a justification for silencing dissent, 2008 saw a dramatic rise in arrests of political activists, academics, and others for peacefully exercising their rights of free expression and association in Iran. There were numerous reports of the torture and mistreatment of such detainees. The Judiciary, accountable to Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, and the Ministry of Intelligence continued to be responsible for many serious human rights violations. The number of executions also increased sharply in 2008.
...
Iranian authorities systematically suppress freedom of expression and opinion by imprisoning journalists and editors, and strictly controlling publishing and academic activity. Most journalists arrested in 2008 were targeted for covering ethnic minority issues and civil society activities, and the National Security Council has given newspapers formal and informal warnings against covering issues such as human rights violations and social protests. The few independent dailies that remain heavily self-censor.
...
In 2008 the authorities continued to target student and internet journalists. The government systematically blocks Iranian and foreign websites that carry political news and analysis. The Ahmadinejad government shows no tolerance for peaceful protests and gatherings. Security forces arrested over a hundred student activists in 2008, often without informing their families of the arrests. According to some of the imprisoned students and their families, security forces subjected these students to mistreatment and abuse during their detention.
- end quote -

# Iraq: Still ravaged by sectarian violence forever teetering on the verge of civil war, Iraq is ruled by a government led by the Shiite majority, with insufficient protections for the Sunni minority, and a long memory of repression by the Sunni Saddam Hussein leading to Shiite violence against Sunnis, with retaliatory violence, with both sides not differentiating between civilians and combatants. HRW says the situation in Iraq continues to be poor (see http://www.hrw.org/en/world-report-2009/iraq )
- quote -
Human rights conditions in Iraq remain extremely poor. Security gains in 2008 did little to ease Iraq's crisis of displacement, with about 2.8 million Iraqis displaced within the country and another 2 million abroad, mainly in Syria and Jordan.

The government continues to rest on a narrow political and ethnic/sectarian base, though Tawafuq, a Sunni bloc, returned to its ranks in July after a year-long boycott. The government was to incorporate into state forces up to 100,000 mainly Sunni paramilitaries paid by US forces to provide local security, but government officials disputed their numbers and threatened to arrest some leaders, casting doubt over the plans.

Government-run detention facilities struggled to accommodate over 24,000 detainees, and tardy judicial review of cases exacerbated overcrowding. The US military said in October its detainee population had fallen to about 17,000 from a peak of approximately 26,000 in late 2007. Some detainees have spent years in custody without charge or trial.
- end quote -

# Israel: As the sole western-style democracy in the Middle East, Israel has a vigorous free press that frequently calls the government to task. NGOs routinely excoriate the government through the press and through demonstrations for what they see as violations of human and civil rights, mostly of Palestinians. About 20% of the Israeli population is Palestinian Arab (mostly Muslim, with some Christians), Druze, and Beduins. According to Israeli law all citizens have equal rights, including the right to vote and be elected. In fact, there are over 10% of legislators in the Israeli Knesset who are Arab. However, in practice, the government has failed for decades to provide equal funding for Arab towns and villages compared to Jewish towns and cities. Some justify this on the basis of rampant tax evasion by Arab citizens, though this may well be a matter of the proverbial chicken and the egg. Israel has an independent judiciary, and the High Court of Justice has repeatedly blocked the most egregious of governmental abuses, e.g. forcing the rerouting of the separation wall where it unjustifiably was routed in a way that did not minimize the negative impacts on Palestinians. That being the case does not completely prevent abuses and there are routine reports of abuses by security personnel against Palestinians in the West Bank, insufficient prosecution of violent settlers attacking Palestinians, and insufficient protection of Palestinian civilians against settler violence.

# Jordan: The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is a monarchy without democratic elections that affect the people in policy-making positions such as in England. As such, there are few limitations on the king's power to suppress dissent. The human rights situation in Jordan is not as bad as in some other Middle Eastern countries, but is still not very good according to HRF (see http://www.humanrightsfirst.org/middle_east/jordan/hrd_jordan.htm ).
- quote -
Far from advancing towards democratization, Jordan’s government has been rolling back the previous decade’s reforms. As the second Intifada continues in the Israeli Occupied Territories, pressure and unrest inside Jordan are also building. Not only ethnic Palestinians, who make up approximately 60% of the population, but other Jordanians have attempted to make their political voices heard through solidarity demonstrations and public debate. Jordan’s alliance with the United States has been criticized. Many Jordanians, critical of U.S. policies in the region, are questioning this alliance. The government’s response to this growing debate has been to suppress political activity of all kinds.
-end quote -
Human Rights Watch (HRW) says (see http://www.hrw.org/en/world-report-2009/jordan )
- quote -
A Penal Code amendment in October 2007 made torture a criminal offense for the first time. But Jordan has no effective mechanisms to bring perpetrators of torture to justice. A deficient complaint mechanism, lacklustre investigations and prosecutions, and lenient sentences at the Police Court, which is not independent, allow torture in prisons to remain routine and widespread and to take place with near total impunity. Riots occurred in February in Birain prison and in April in Muwaqqar and Swaqa prisons. Reasons included ill-treatment, nighttime strip searches, and a badly implemented plan to separate convicted from untried prisoners.
...
Criticisms of the king, government officials, and the intelligence forces are strictly taboo and carry heavy penalties. Prosecutors also rely on the penal code to criminalize speech diminishing the prestige of the state, and harming relations with other states.
-end quote -

# Lebanon: While nominally a democracy, Lebanon has been torn by internal strife for many decades, including a civil war that raged from 1975 to 1990, as well as continued infighting, both political and armed, between the many ethnic groups in this tiny country. The central government is too weak to enforce its laws on the wide variety of armed militias, including especially Hizballah which has now been able to make its way into the political process by having a large number of its supporters voted into parliament. Assassinations using car-bombs, drive-by shootings, etc. are frequent, and people who get in the way of armed militias do not live to regret it for very long. HRW says (see http://www.hrw.org/en/world-report-2009/lebanon )
- quote -
Impunity remains prevalent with armed gunmen rarely held accountable for attacks against civilians. Security forces use force to extract confessions, especially from security suspects. Palestinian refugees from the destroyed Nahr al-Bared refugee camp are living in dire circumstances while awaiting the reconstruction of their camp. Lebanese law continues to discriminate against women by, among other things, denying them the right to pass their nationality to their children or spouses. Migrant domestic workers face exploitation and abuse by their employers with little possibility of redress.

Despite pledges by the new government, the families of the estimated 17,000 who "disappeared" during and after Lebanon's deadly 1975-1990 civil war continue to wait for information on the fate of their loved ones.
- end quote -

# Palestinian Territories (Gaza under Hamas, West Bank under Fatah): Here the situation is quite bad. Between Israeli actions taken in response to attacks on its civilians from within and near civilian buildings and institutions, Israeli actions around building the separation wall between the West Bank and Israel, Israeli settler actions trying to force the hand of the Israeli government, and Palestinian-on-Palestinian violations as Hamas and Fatah attempt to suppress each other's supporters in the areas they control, civil and human right violations are rampant. HRW has the following to say on matters in what they call the Palestinian Occupied Territories or OPT (see http://www.hrw.org/en/world-report-2009/israeloccupied-palestinian-territories-opt and other HRW pages):
- quote -
Israel's blockade of Gaza and restrictions on movement to protect illegal West Bank settlements, along with indiscriminate Palestinian rocket attacks on Israeli towns and serious abuses by Fatah and Hamas against each other's supporters, were major components of the human rights crisis in the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territories in 2008.

Palestinian civilians accounted for around half of those killed in Israeli military operations in Gaza prior to a June ceasefire between Hamas and Israel. More Palestinians were killed in Gaza by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in the first half of the year than in all of 2007 in both the West Bank and Gaza.

Israel's blockade of Gaza has exacerbated the humanitarian crisis affecting Gaza's 1.5 million residents. In the West Bank, Israel maintains onerous restrictions on freedom of movement for Palestinians.

Palestinian armed groups fired rockets and mortars indiscriminately into Israeli towns, particularly Sderot, killing four civilians and wounding others. Fatah and Hamas, the dominant Palestinian parties in the West Bank and Gaza, respectively, were responsible for extensive human rights violations as they sought to impose their authority, and retaliated for each other's violations.
...
Hamas forces in Gaza and Fatah-dominated Palestinian Authority forces in the West Bank have carried out arbitrary arrests of each other's supporters, tortured prisoners in their custody, and closed down scores of charities, political societies, and other organizations. The PA prosecuted defendants before military courts, circumventing due process safeguards.

These abuses occurred throughout the period since Hamas took control of Gaza in June 2007, peaking in July 2008 after a bombing in a Gaza City beach café killed a four-year-old girl and five members of Hamas's armed wing, the Izzedin al-Qassam Brigades. Qassam Brigades members, who have no law enforcement powers, arbitrarily arrested over 200 people. In the West Bank, PA security forces responded by arbitrarily arresting over 100 people considered sympathetic to Hamas.

Palestinian security forces tortured detainees during interrogation, sometimes leading to their deaths. On February 14, the General Intelligence Services (GIS), which reports to PA President Mahmud Abbas, arrested Majid al-Barghuti, leader of a mosque in a village outside Ramallah. Eight days later al-Barghuti was dead, almost certainly as a result of injuries sustained from torture. On April 13, in Gaza, armed men arrested Sami `Atiya Khattab, a former GIS captain; 36 hours later he was dead, his body bearing what a Palestinian human rights defender called "obvious signs of torture."

In early August Hamas forces assaulted a Gaza City area controlled by the Hillis family, whom Hamas accused of sheltering the perpetrator of the beach café bombing. Of the 12 Hillis members killed, two were reportedly executed, and eyewitnesses said some of those wounded had been shot after they had surrendered.
- end quote -

# Saudi Arabia: A monarchy with strong fundamentalist Muslim influences makes this kingdom a very poor place for human rights. HRW has the following to say about the Saudi kingdom (see http://www.hrw.org/en/world-report-2009/saudi-arabia):
- quote -
Human rights conditions remain poor in Saudi Arabia. International and domestic pressure to improve human rights practices remained feeble, and the government undertook no major reforms in 2008. The government systematically suppressed the rights of 14 million Saudi women and an estimated 2 to 3 million members of minority Shia communities, and failed to protect the rights of foreign workers. Thousands of people received unfair trials or were subject to arbitrary detention. Curbs on freedom of association, expression, and movement, as well as a lack of official accountability, remain serious concerns.
- end quote -

# Syria: This is one of the most dictatorial regimes in the region, if not the world. According to HRF (see http://www.humanrightsfirst.org/defenders/hrd_syria/hrd_syria.htm ) human and civil rights assured by the Syrian constitution have been stripped away for more than 4 decades as a result of a state of emergency announced in 1963 and still in place today.
- quote -
Syria remains one of the countries in the Middle East that is most resistant to political reform and to improvements in human rights conditions. Since 1963, Syria has been under emergency rule, which strips away the basic rights and freedoms guaranteed in the Syrian Constitution. The Syrian human rights movement has suffered decades of severe persecution, and remains legally unrecognized and unprotected, and vulnerable to state persecution.

The situation of human rights defenders in Syria has considerably deteriorated over the past year. Peaceful human rights activists have been subjected to increasing repression. The May 2006 "Beirut-Damascus, Damascus-Beirut" Declaration that called for better relations between Lebanon and Syria was followed by the largest crackdown on civil society since the repression of the "Damascus Spring" in 2001. A dozen human rights activists and intellectuals, who co-signed the Declaration, were arrested by the Syrian authorities. Three of the signatories, including the writer and journalist Michel Kilo and human rights lawyer and activist Anwar al-Bunni, are still detained.
- end quote -

You can find additional reading about other Middle Easter countries and their human rights records at http://www.hrw.org/en/middle-east/n-africa most of which have fairly poor records. The list includes:

- Algeria
- Bahrain
- Kuwait
- Libya
- Morocco
- Qatar
- Tunisia
- United Arab Emirates
- Yemen

You can leave an optional "tip" with Mahalo's virtual currency, Mahalo Dollars. If you are asking a difficult question that might require some research, or if you'd like a wide variety of feedback, a higher tip often leads to more answers to your question.

M$
opher's Avatar
opher | 2 years, 4 months ago Report

I agree, and did include some references from Human Rights First, plus some of my personal background knowledge. I tried to present as unbiased a view as I could, and chose the quotes that I felt were at least somewhat balanced.

doubleminaz's Avatar
doubleminaz | 2 years, 4 months ago Report

Thanks, opher. That was a pretty realistic view of the region, although I would caution against using HRW as an exclusive source.

Report Abuse

Post Reply Cancel
1
emmylou's Avatar
emmylou | 2 years, 4 months ago view on twitter
7
According to today's (1/5/10) New york Times, Iran and Yemen have the death penalty for homosexuality. So those would be in the not acceptable category.

You can leave an optional "tip" with Mahalo's virtual currency, Mahalo Dollars. If you are asking a difficult question that might require some research, or if you'd like a wide variety of feedback, a higher tip often leads to more answers to your question.

M$

Report Abuse

Post Reply Cancel
0
chemist's Avatar
chemist | 2 years, 4 months ago view on twitter
4
There are some issues prevalent in most Middle Eastern countries, often due to their common Islamic background (homosexuality is strictly prohibited; women free movements is also restricted). If you exclude the aforesaid two facts from the measuring component of “human rights” – you will get a good picture (if not best).

If you include also those two items as “human rights” measuring component – the picture you will get worse (if not bad).

From the personal experience of visiting these countries.
images:

You can leave an optional "tip" with Mahalo's virtual currency, Mahalo Dollars. If you are asking a difficult question that might require some research, or if you'd like a wide variety of feedback, a higher tip often leads to more answers to your question.

M$
krisziel's Avatar
krisziel | 2 years, 4 months ago Report

How can you say that stoning women to death and/or lashing them 50+ times because they got raped is a "good if not best" situation for human rights? There are so many egregious violations of human rights in almost all of the Middle East because the Sharia Law enforced in all of the Muslim countries.

Report Abuse

Post Reply Cancel
0
anoharjohn's Avatar
anoharjohn | 2 years, 4 months ago view on twitter
3
No country has a perfect human rights record as there are lot of shortcomings.And according to United Nations Human Rights Council
the chronic offenders of human rights are Egypt and Saudi Arabia.

You can leave an optional "tip" with Mahalo's virtual currency, Mahalo Dollars. If you are asking a difficult question that might require some research, or if you'd like a wide variety of feedback, a higher tip often leads to more answers to your question.

M$

Report Abuse

Post Reply Cancel
0
ahuq's Avatar
ahuq | 2 years, 4 months ago view on twitter
3
Countries in Middle east, Pakistan and Afganistan are violating Human Rights to some extent (atleast).

You can leave an optional "tip" with Mahalo's virtual currency, Mahalo Dollars. If you are asking a difficult question that might require some research, or if you'd like a wide variety of feedback, a higher tip often leads to more answers to your question.

M$

Report Abuse

Post Reply Cancel
-2
abhishekchakravartty's Avatar
abhishekchakravartty | 2 years, 4 months ago view on twitter
3
Do not :
1) Saudi Arabia
2) Iraq

Do :
1) Iran
2) Oman

You can leave an optional "tip" with Mahalo's virtual currency, Mahalo Dollars. If you are asking a difficult question that might require some research, or if you'd like a wide variety of feedback, a higher tip often leads to more answers to your question.

M$
albanian's Avatar
albanian | 2 years, 4 months ago Report

No sources, no explanations, and patently wrong as well.

shadowbear's Avatar
shadowbear | 2 years, 4 months ago Report

Ditto as albanian has stated.
No sources, no explanations

albanian's Avatar
albanian | 2 years, 4 months ago Report

Since most people know little of Oman, I include this source. Oman isn't as bad as some Middle Eastern countries but it has a hereditary ruler and lots of censorship and other human rights repressions.
http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61696.htm

Report Abuse

Post Reply Cancel

Learn something new with our FREE educational apps!

Private lessons in the comfort of your own home. Get back in shape or finally pick up a guitar with our great experts guiding you the whole way!
Learn Guitar
Learn Hip Hop
Learn Pilates