What circumstances have contributed to the Bactrian Camel being an Endangered Species?
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The range of the wild Bactrian camel in historic times extended from the great bend of the Yellow River at 110 deg E westward across the deserts of southern Mongolia and northwestern China to central Kazakhstan.
It was already heavily hunted for its meat and hide in the 1800's, and by the 1850's it persisted only in remote areas of the Gobi and Taklimakan Deserts in Mongolia and China.
By the 1920's, its populations had become fragmented, and it is currently restricted to three small, remnant populations in Mongolia and China.
Heavy persecution by hunters and competition with domestic animals for water and pasture were the principal causes of decline up to the 1960's.
Hunting has continued to have a major impact up to the present.
Additional threats include settling of oases by pastoralists, prospecting for and extraction of oil and gold, and hybridization with domestic camel stock.
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Bactrian camels have a very small and harsh ecological niche(mostly just the Gobi desert), and they don't have very large litters, so they never were very populous to start with. As people encroach on the lands where the camels live, they get hunted in increasing numbers, and sometimes just shot to prevent them from competing with livestock. Their habitat is further decreased by mining and farming of lands where the camels used to live.
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