Cahaba or Cahawba, and because of its constant flooding.

Refrences:

"Cahaba was the first permanent state capital of Alabama from 1820 to 1825."

"Cahaba's low elevation at the confluence of two large rivers gave it a reputation for flooding and having an unhealthy atmosphere. A major flood struck the town in 1825, causing a portion of the statehouse to collapse. People who were opposed to the capital's location at Cahaba used this as an argument for moving the capital to Tuscaloosa, which was approved by the legislature in January of 1826."
Source(s):
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cahaba,_Alabama


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