Yes ,The most advanced modern submarines are powered by nuclear reactors as it has more advantages than conventional types i.e.., diesel and electrical .
they are .
1.Current fourth generation Nuclear powered submarines of US , Russia,British navy doesn't need fuel up to 25 years .
2.Can remain submerged till the food stock is over , where as conventional diesel / electric submarines can only remain submerged for few hours at top speed and 2 or 3 days when operated at low speed as they need air for combustion
3.A nuclear powered submarines can be operated at very high speed with high over load since nuclear power is much larger amount of energy.
few disadvantages over convetional ones are
1.Can be catastrophic as its operated by nuclear material their accident are not only fatal to crew but also to the environment .
2. They are costly

* British navys Astute is considered to be most advanced nuclear powered known submarine with 25 year fuel cycle . and first submarine in british navy to built vertically . conventionally submarines are built horizontally .
Source(s):
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine#Modern_military_submarines

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