The places where civilization started are most likely to harbor artifacts to be discovered by archaeologists. The river valley civilizations have a lot of history associated with them because they were the first organized societies that believed in the preservation of culture through material objects.

For example from Mesopotamia the tablets containing the Epic of Gilgamesh survived. These surviving tablets were the property of the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal. Without the emergence of river valley civilizations, a societal order with a central power structure would have taken a long time to develop. This inception of power and the need for the preservation of historical records of power propagated the river valley civilizations to create tablets of information. These tablets of information are key to archaeologists who are trying to study the way a society lived during a certain time period.

Source:
http://www.clevelandstatecc.edu/courses/ngreenwood/history%201110/online_presentations/first_river_valley_civilizations.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epic_of_Gilgamesh

While there are locations that are traditionally important within the archaeological community, like Egypt, any place is a good place to study archaeology. Everywhere on earth has a potentially rich history. As you probably aware, though, some locations are more well-researched than others. Even some of the most explored ancient places, again like Egypt, still have less explored areas that you could work. Even areas you don’t think of as archeologically important, like a modern area of London, can become incredibly important with a single, unexpected discovery. Quite recently in England a grave site was uncovered that holds what researchers believe to be the remains of gladiators. Perhaps the most important aspect of this discovery is the intriguing find of apparently female remains, buried in the same cemetery and manner as the male remains. Many archeologists believe she is an example of an uncommon female gladiator. Fortunately, you don’t have to pick a location and stick with it. Choose an archaeology program that interests you, regardless of where it’s located. Archaeology teams usually travel to sites once a discovery is made, so an American student might end up working and learning in Zimbabwe. There’s no predicting where new, exciting digs will turn up.