The information about the Solomon Ring and Staff can be found here in the walkthrough. 

1. "Head to the Western Shore of Uhra in the White Boa. 
2. Push through the ice until you can land. You will discover the Snowfields of the Northern Land and the Northern Coast of Uhra. 
3. Head to the Northern Coast of Uhra next. Push through the ice to head into waters in the middle of the map. 
4. Continue forward until you can land. You will discover the Northern Shore of Ipsilon. 
5. Launch the Nautilus and submerge. 
6. Examine the air bubbles below to obtain a Slot Seed. 
7. Head towards the ice you broke through. 
8.  Stay near the land mass as you search for the treasure. Examine the sea floor to obtain the Solomon Staff and Solomon Ring."
   

1st: You don't need the Sunderch Glasses to find this, you need the Magic Powered Locator Lv. 3, which Sed upgrades at the Pirate Fortress in his workshop. I checked this 3 times to make sure, once with neither, once with just the locator, and once with just the glasses, the only time I found it was with the locator. Of course if you have both, you will still find it.

2nd: There are no bubbles, it's a random treasure hunt item, and like all others it doesn't show up on the screen other than an orange target and the controller vibrating. Those bubbles you saw are farther to the left on the map, and are one of Sed's lost crew members Jlia (guess she was hiding out underwater), and you can only find her after you talk to Gar in the workshop and start the side quest to find all the missing crew members. Also, this can be done out of order, so once you go to the workshop to get the locator and talk to Gar, you can find the Staff and the crew member at the same time.

I hope this helps anyone like me who was following the guide and got screwed up by how out-of-order things seem to be. Besides Crimson Forest (as mentioned above), you also can't get the 3rd part of the Chuchu questline or go to Tosca & Grand Staff Construction Base until AFTER you get the White Boa. On top of that, there are many miscues at this point in the guide, such as get the treasure off the main deck of the Boa before talking to the guy who gives you the location, and one of the ores in the water north of Numara Atoll is actually a seed. Don't get me wrong, it's the best online guide I've seen yet, but I still have to keep multiple tabs open on other sites to get my bearings right at times and verify the info.