Grabbed this from Wiki, going from most recent (Vista) to the first editions, not including Server editions.

(I attempted to simply the list the best I could.)
----quote----
* Windows Vista, for home and business desktops and portable computers
* Windows Server 2003 for servers
* Windows XP for desktops and laptops (notebooks)
* 2000 February 17 - Windows 2000
* 2000 June 19 - Windows Me
* Windows 98
o 1999 May 5 - Windows 98 Second Edition
o 1998 June 25 - Windows 98
* 1996 July 29 - Windows NT 4.0
* Windows 95
o 1997 August 27 - Windows 95 OSR2.5
o 1997 August 27 - Windows 95 OSR2.1
o 1996 August 24 - Windows 95 OSR2
o 1995 December 31 - Windows 95 SP1
o 1995 August 24 - Windows 95
* 1995 June - Windows NT 3.51
* 1994 September - Windows NT 3.5
* 1993 November - Windows for Workgroups 3.11
* 1993 August - Windows NT 3.1
* 1992 October - Windows for Workgroups 3.1
* 1992 August - Windows 3.1
* 1990 May 22 - Windows 3.0
* 1989 March 13 - Windows 2.11
* 1988 May 27 - Windows 2.10
* 1987 December 9 - Windows 2.03
* 1987 April - Windows 1.04
* 1986 August - Windows 1.03
* 1986 May - Windows 1.02
* 1985 November 20 - Windows 1.01

Here is a list of Windows platforms from earliest to the latest versions.

November 1985 - Windows 1.01
November 1987 - Windows 2.03
May 1988 - Windows 2.10
March 1989 - Windows 2.11
May 1990 - Windows 3.0
March 1992 - Windows 3.1x
October 1992 - Windows For Workgroups 3.1
July 1993 - Windows NT 3.1
December 1993 - Windows For Workgroups 3.11
January 1994 - Windows 3.2
September 1994 - Windows NT 3.5
May 1995 - Windows NT 3.51
August 1995 - Windows 95
July 1996 - Windows NT 4.0
June 1998 - Windows 98
May 1999 - Windows 98 SE
February 2000 - Windows 2000
September 2000 - Windows Me
October 2001 - Windows XP NT 5.1.2600
March 2003 - Windows XP 64-bit Edition (IA-64)
April 2003 - Windows Server 2003
April 2005 - Windows XP Professional x64 Edition
July 2006 - Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs
November 2006/January 2007 - Windows Vista
July 2007 - Windows Home Server
February 2008 - Windows Server 2008 NT 6.0.6002
October 2009 - Windows 7

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27 all the way through Windows 7 which has been released to manufacturing.

Microsoft has taken two parallel routes in Operating Systems. One route has been the home user and the other has been the professional IT user. The dual route has generally led to the home versions with more "eye candy" and less functionality in networking and security and professional versions with less "eye candy" and better networking and security.

The first independent version of Microsoft Windows, version 1.0, released in November, 1985, lacked a degree of functionality and achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 did not provide a complete operating system; rather, it extended MS-DOS. Microsoft Windows version 2.0 was released in November, 1987 and was slightly more popular than its predecessor. Windows 2.03 (release date January 1988) had changed the OS from tiled windows to overlapping windows. The result of this change led to Apple Computer filing a suit against Microsoft alleging infringement on Apple's copyrights.

Microsoft Windows version 3.0, released in 1990, was the first Microsoft Windows version to achieve broad commercial success, selling 2 million copies in the first six months. It featured improvements to the user interface and to multitasking capabilities. In August 1995, Microsoft released Windows 95, which made further changes to the user interface and was the first Windows version to utilize multitasking.

In July 1993, Microsoft released Windows NT based on IBM OS/2 technology (which Microsoft had been co-developing for several years prior). NT was considered to be the professional OS. NT and the Windows non-professional line would later be fused together to create Windows XP.

The next in line was Microsoft Windows 98 released in June, 1998. Substantially criticized for its slowness compared with Windows 95, many of its basic problems were later rectified with the release of Windows 98 Second Edition in 1999.

As part of its professional line, Microsoft released Windows 2000 in February 2000. The consumer version following Windows 98 was Windows Me (Windows Millennium Edition). Released in September, 2000, Windows Me attempted to implement a number of new technologies for Microsoft: most notably publicized was "Universal Plug and Play." However, the OS was substantially criticized for its lack of compatibility and stability.

In October 2001, Microsoft released Windows XP, a version built on the Windows NT kernel that also retained the consumer-oriented usability of Windows 95 and its successors. It shipped in two distinct editions, "Home" and "Professional", the former lacking many of the superior security and networking features of the Professional edition. Additionally, the "Media Center" edition was released in 2003, with an emphasis on support for DVD and TV functionality including program recording and a remote control.

In April 2003, Windows Server 2003 was introduced, replacing the Windows 2000 line of server products with a number of new features and a strong focus on security; this was followed in December 2005 by Windows Server 2003 R2.

Windows Server "Longhorn" is the successor of Windows Server 2003 is currently under development but Windows Vista had replaced Windows XP in January 31,2007 even though some reviewers recommend NOT to use Vista until end of 2007 for its Windows Vista SP1 release as well as certain compatibility issues (Yes, Games also a problem in Vista).Worse, when Vista requires a recommended RAM of 1GB, some of them even predicted that this is as good as " commit suicide" because more people wanted to quit Windows. Also, Bill Gates had announced to make a release of Windows Vienna, that may replace Vista on 2009 to 2012 (Dates are not clear at the point of 2007 April) For Windows Vista, there are Home Basic (With the least function in all Vista edition only some of the security features without Aero Interface), Home Premium (Most Function for Home User, Like Media Centre Edition with Aero Interface, Nice.), Business (I think home user cannot get it unless buying a laptop that is preloaded it) and Ultimate (The most function in Vista, Combine the Home Prenium which does not have some Business Features and Business Features, All in one.)