How does Sikhism differ from Hinduism?
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Here is a good reference from Wikipedia.
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Since Hinduism is itself an umbrella term encompassing a wide range of sects and religious philosophies, it isn't possible to list differences that would divide Sikhism from all Hindu sects taken together. From the Hindu point of view, however, Sikhism would be considered a nastika or "heterodox" sect as it does not assert the primacy of the Vedas.
Like many bhakti saints within Hinduism, Guru Nanak, together with other elements of Sikh canon, rejected many tenets of Brahmanical Hinduism, such as:
* Sikhism is a monotheistic religion; Sikhs believe there is only one God, who has infinite qualities and names. Hinduism is a diverse system of thought with beliefs spanning monotheism, polytheism, panentheism, pantheism, monism and atheism (see Hindu views on monotheism)
* The Janeo (Hindu sacred thread), or 'confirmation' ritual of Hinduism.
* The Guru Granth Sahib describes many Hindu deities like Shiva and Durga, as false illusions. Sikhs prefer not to worship in Hindu temples or go on Hindu pilgrimages.
* The caste system–Untouchability - Hindu's believe in the caste system which is linked to ones past Karma,(in modern India, caste discrimination is outlawed)10. Sikhism believes ones previous lives Karma do not matter, but what does in this this life determines ones status (however, it is also acknowledged, Sikhism has not totally succeeded in breaking the caste system) 11.
* Sikhs do not believe in going on pilgrimages or bathing at holy rivers.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism_and_Sikhism#Differences
Click on the above link to get some more ideas on the difference between these two religions.
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At birth Guru Nanak took a vow, as a Hindu, that he was neither Hindu or Muslim and that all are equal. That was the creation of Sikhism in which teachings portrayed equality.
Hindu's pray to multiple god's where as Sikh's pray to a philosophy taught by their guru Guru Nanak and other guru's that continued with the teachings after his death.
Personal Thoughts
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Sikh tradition states that around c. 1499, at the age of thirty, Guru Nanak went missing and was presumed to have drowned after going for one of his morning baths to a local stream called the Kali Bein. One day, he declared: "There is no Hindu, there is no Muslim" (in Punjabi, "nā kōi hindū nā kōi musalmān").The true meaning of this declaration was that "human being can not be bound by his religion because the Almighty is everywhere. He is in the soul of everyone. "The Universe is the Will of the Almighty. God is the absolute Truth, He can not be bound by a particular religion. If one looks in himself with deep insight and the condensed state of mind, this truth will be revealed itself. It was from this moment that Guru Nanak would begin to spread the teachings of what was then the beginning of Sikhism.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Nanak_Dev#Foundation_of_Sikhism_and_travels
What inspired Guru Nanak to break away and form his own religion?
Sikhism is the fifth largest religion in the world. What is appealing about the new religion?