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M$2 January 21, 2009 11:54 PM

Is it true that most vitamins are in the skin of a fruit?

sometimes the skin is not the the best tasting part of a fruit, but I've heard that most of the vitamins are in the skin...

what about apples - skin feels hard and waxy) - should we still eat it?

does it apply to citrus too?
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January 22, 2009 12:33 AM
No, actually it is fiber.

Much of the fiber in fruit is in the skin, especially when it comes to apples, pears, peaches, and nectarines. To get the full benefit of fiber, wash the fruit well and then eat the whole fruit - with the skin.

Beneficial Skins:

Colorful berries (blueberries and blackberries) are full of phytonutrients (especially the skin of blueberries) which contains powerful antioxidants, called anthocyanins (from the Greek for "dark blue flower"), and cancer fighters.

Pear.  A high sorbitol content, plus extra fiber, makes pears ideal for persons suffering from constipation. Most of the vitamin C in pears is concentrated in the skin, as is some of the fiber, so peeled, canned pears are less nutritious than fresh.

Oranges are known for their vitamin C content, but they're also a good source of folate and fiber. They even contain some calcium. As with grapefruit, the white membrane under the skin of the orange contains more vitamin C than the flesh and a lot of the pectin fiber. When peeling the orange, try to leave the white inner peeling on and eat it with the flesh (if you don't mind the slightly bitter taste).

Grapes.  The skin of red and purple grapes contain cancer-fighting anthocyanin pigments, similar to the ones in blueberries. Green, seedless grapes are not exactly nutritional standouts, but kids love to snack on them, especially on hot days. They're a popular alternative to soda or candy.

Beneficial Nutrients:

An apple a day may not keep the doctor entirely away, but apples are nutritious, convenient, and always available. Apples get an A+ in fiber content, since they contain a lot of the soluble fiber, pectin, that helps to lower cholesterol. They also contain some cancer-fighting flavenoids. Eating a whole apple is more nutritious than drinking apple juice, since the fiber, vitamins, and minerals may be processed out of the juices. When the flesh of an apple turns brown, it means some of the nutrients have oxidized and are lost. To get the best that any fruit has to offer, eat it fresh.

Five apricots contain around the same number of calories as one apple, but they have much more protein, calcium, iron, vitamin K, zinc, vitamin A, and folic acid. Apricots are high in beta carotene, as well as potassium and fiber. You'll find them on our list of the top ten nutritious fruits.

Avocados are usually thought of as a vegetable, but they are really a fruit, with more nutrition than any other fruit. Avocados are especially high in protein, fiber, niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, folic acid, and zinc. Avocados get the lion's share of their calories from fat, and while these are the heart-healthy monounsaturated fats with no cholesterol, you pay a caloric price. While weight-conscious adults might want to stick to an apple a day rather than an avocado a day, the high calorie content of avocados makes them a good food for growing children. The fat content of avocados depends upon the variety. Florida avocados have about half the fat and two-thirds the calories of California avocados. Another healthy fat that avocados contain are Omega 3 fatty acids.

Bananas mash easily for baby food and blend nicely into a sweet smoothie. They contain a lot of potassium, so eating a daily banana is helpful to people on certain medications, such as diuretics, which may deplete the body of potassium.  Even though most bananas are imported, the easy-to-peel feature of bananas makes it easy to peel the pesticides off.

Cantaloupes are high in vitamin C, beta carotene, and potassium.

Cherries contain some beta carotene, and sour cherries contain more beta carotene than sweet cherries.

Dates are a good source of fiber, iron, and niacin

Grapefruit is a great fruit, low in calories, high in fiber, with lots of vitamin C. If you get the pink or red variety instead of the white, grapefruit is also rich in beta carotene. Half the fiber is the insoluble type (good for the intestines) and half is soluble pectin fiber (good for the heart). Remember, though, that a lot of fiber is in the stringy walls that separate the segments. If you're digging out grapefruit segments with a spoon, you'll miss out on much of the fiber.

Guavas are hard to find, but gobble them up when you can. They rate high among the fruits for fiber and vitamin E. Guava juice is readily available in the juice section of most supermarkets, yet it contains added corn syrup, diluting the nutritional value compared to the raw fruit.

Honeydew melon is not nearly as nutritious as cantaloupe. Cantaloupe contains half the number of calories, nearly twice the protein, slightly more fiber, more calcium, and a lot more beta carotene, compared with only a trace in honey-dew.

Kiwi is a great source of vitamin C. Try cutting it in half and eating it out of the peel with a spoon.

Lemons and limes are a moderately good source of vitamin C, with lemons containing about one-third more vitamin C than limes. Lemon and lime juice add flavor to dishes, which can be helpful if you're cutting back on salt.

Mangoes are high in fiber, high in beta carotene (similar to apricots and cantaloupe), high in vitamin C -- but much higher in calories than equal servings of similar fruits, such as cantaloupe and papaya.

High in calcium, folic acid, vitamin C, fiber, and carotenoids, this near-perfect fruit is becoming more widely available and affordable.

The best peaches are tree-ripened and therefore locally grown. They contain some carotenoids and a tiny bit of vitamin C.

Persimmons are high in fiber, carotenoids, and vitamin A. Some varieties are extremely high in vitamin C.

Pineapple. Its claim to fame is that it's the fruit highest in the essential nutrient, manganese, and that it has digestive enzymes, as does papaya.

Plums contain a bit of carotenoids and some vitamin C. There are many varieties from which to choose.

Prunes contain at least some of many different important vitamins and minerals. Compared with other fruits, prunes are especially high in fiber (half of it the soluble type), protein, potassium, vitamin A, vitamin E, calcium, and iron. They contain a touch of zinc and niacin, and some prunes even contain a bit of beta carotene. Prunes are known for their ability to move the intestines, thanks to their high fiber content and large amounts of the stool-loosening sugar, sorbitol.

Raisins. This favorite snack food is high in fiber and iron but also high in calories and sugar. You can get the iron and fiber at a lower caloric cost in other fruits.

Raspberries. Of all the fruits, raspberries pack the most fiber into the fewest calories. They're also higher in folic acid and zinc than most fruits. It is difficult to wash raspberries thoroughly, making pesticides a concern.

Strawberries have two nutritional claims to fame: they are higher in vitamin C per calorie than any other fruit and they are high in fiber. Like raspberries, strawberries lose points because of the pesticide issue. You don't peel them and because of their rough texture, they are hard to clean.

Tangerine.  This member of the orange family contains much less vitamin C, folate, and fiber than an orange, but more vitamin A and carotenoids.

Watermelon is the top fruit source of the carotenoid antioxidant lycopene.

Source(s):
http://www.askdrsears.com/html/4/T042600.asp

Asker's Rating:
• great answer - lots of good information - thank you!


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January 22, 2009 12:09 AM
**Edited to fix formating
I actually change my mind. There does appear to be a significant difference. I would imagine this changes some from fruit to fruit, you can search for more from the link in source
Apples, raw, with skin  (1)New SearchRefuse: 10%  (Core and stem)
Scientific Name:  Malus domestica
Common Name:  Includes USDA commodity food A343
NDB No: 09003 (Nutrient values and weights are for edible portion)

The first is apple WITH skin / Second is apple peeled.



Nutrient / Units /Value per100 grams

Water g 85.56380.241 / g 86.6760.11

Energy kcal 5200 / 4800

Energy kJ 21800  / 20000



Protein g 0.26290.019 / g 0.2740.051

Total lipid (fat) g 0.17350.011 /  g
0.1350.021

Ash g 0.19290.018 / g 0.1740.028

Carbohydrate, by difference g 13.8100 / g 12.7600

Fiber, total dietary g 2.4290.276 / g 1.340.09

Sugars, total g 10.39250.112 / g 10.1041.059

Sucrose g 2.07250.049 / g 0.8240.109

Glucose (dextrose) g 2.43250.031 / g 3.2540.546

Fructose g 5.90250.059 / g 6.0340.409



Lactose g 0.00250 / g 0.0040

Maltose g 0.00250 / g 0.0040

Galactose g 0.00250 / g 0.0040

Calcium, Ca mg 6260.34 / mg 540.678

Iron, Fe mg 0.12160.009 / mg 0.071630.004

Magnesium, Mg mg 5260.073 / mg 440.28

Phosphorus, P mg 11230.337 / mg 1140.811

Potassium, K mg 107262.211 / mg 9047.728

Sodium, Na mg 160.071 / mg 0850.025

Zinc, Zn mg 0.04260.004 / mg 0.0540.009

Copper, Cu mg 0.027130.001 / mg 0.0311640.001

Manganese, Mn mg 0.035260.002 / mg 0.03840.005

Selenium, Se mcg 0.070 / mcg 0.000

Vitamin C, total ascorbic acid mg 4.630.47 / mg 4.000

Thiamin mg 0.017230.002 / mg 0.01940.002

Riboflavin mg 0.026200.004 / mg 0.02840.008

Niacin mg 0.091130.006 / mg 0.09160.018

Pantothenic acid mg 0.061230.012 / mg 0.07140.005

Vitamin B-6 mg 0.041230.001 / mg 0.03740.004

Folate, total mcg 3230.611 / mcg 060.056

Folic acid mcg 000 / mcg 000

Folate, food mcg 3230.611 / mcg 060.056

Folate, DFE mcg_DFE 300 / mcg_DFE 000

Choline, total mg 3.400 / mg 3.400

Vitamin B-12 mcg 0.0000 / mcg 0.0000

Vitamin B-12, added mcg 0.0000 / mcg 0.0000

Vitamin A, RAE mcg_RAE 3140.155 / mcg_RAE 240.058

Retinol mcg 000 / mcg 000

Carotene, beta mcg 27141.662 / mcg 1740.9

Carotene, alpha mcg 0140 / mcg 040

Cryptoxanthin, beta mcg 11140.926 / mcg 1340.57

Vitamin A, IU IU 54143.108 / IU 3841.162

Lycopene mcg 0140 / mcg 040

Lutein + zeaxanthin mcg 29141.132 / mcg 1840.3

Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) mg 0.18100 / mg 0.0520

Vitamin E, added mg 0.0000 / mg 0.0000

Tocopherol, beta mg 0.00100 / mg 0.0120

Tocopherol, gamma mg 0.00100 / mg 0.0020

Tocopherol, delta mg 0.00100 / mg 0.0020

Vitamin K (phylloquinone) mcg 2.2200.079/ mcg 0.640.045

Fatty acids, total saturated g 0.02800 / g 0.02100

4:0 g 0.00000 / g 0.00000

6:0 g 0.00000 / g 0.00000

8:0 g 0.00000 / g 0.00000

10:0 g 0.00000 / g 0.00000

12:0 g 0.00010 / g 0.00000

14:0 g 0.00110 / g 0.00000

16:0 g 0.02440 / g 0.01700

18:0 g 0.00340 / g 0.00200

Fatty acids, total monounsaturated g 0.00700 / g 0.00500

16:1 undifferentiated g 0.00010 / g 0.00000

18:1 undifferentiated g 0.00740 / g 0.00500

20:1 g 0.00000 / g 0.00000

22:1 undifferentiated g 0.00000 / g 0.00000

Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated g 0.05100 / g 0.03700

18:2 undifferentiated g 0.04340 / g 0.03100

18:3 undifferentiated g 0.00940 / g 0.00700

18:4 g 0.00000 / g 0.00000

20:4 undifferentiated g 0.00000 / g 0.00000

20:5 n-3 g 0.00000 / g 0.00000

22:5 n-3 g 0.00000 / g 0.00000

22:6 n-3 g 0.00000 / g 0.00000

Cholesterol mg 000 / mg 000

Tryptophan g 0.00100 / g 0.00100

Threonine g 0.00600 / g 0.00600

Isoleucine g 0.00600 / g 0.00600

Leucine g 0.01300 / g 0.01400

Lysine g 0.01200 / g 0.01300

Methionine g 0.00100 / g 0.00100

Cystine g 0.00100 / g 0.00100

Phenylalanine g 0.00600 / g 0.00700

Tyrosine g 0.00100 / g 0.00100

Valine g 0.01200 / g 0.01200

Arginine g 0.00600 / g 0.00600

Histidine g 0.00500 / g 0.00500

Alanine g 0.01100 / g 0.01200

Aspartic acid g 0.07000 / g 0.07400

Glutamic acid g 0.02500 / g 0.02600

Glycine g 0.00900 / g 0.00900

Proline g 0.00600 / g 0.00600

Serine g 0.01000 / g 0.01100

Alcohol, ethyl g 0.000 / g 0.000

Caffeine mg 000 / mg 000

Theobromine mg 000 / mg 000



 



 




Source(s):
http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search/


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January 22, 2009 12:08 AM
Bah...the tables busted. If the mods need to, they can delete the post. The information is right, just the tables didn't translate from the wysiwyg editor to the post. If you run the search, it breaks it into pretty tables for you.

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