Many large firms have a mail room that gathers interoffice mail for distribution. Those firms with multiple sites will collect the mail for another site and then ship it in bulk via a carrier service, such as FedEX, UPS, or the USPS. It would be quite costly to hire a service independently, as these that I mentioned use their economies of scale to save money.

Here is an example, tracing a letter from employee Smith in San Francisco to employee Jones in New York.
1. Smith seals his letter, places in interoffice envelope.
2. Smith writes Jone's name and location on the envelope.
3. Mail room employee picks up envelope and carries to mail room, where mail going to NY and other company locations is sorted.
4. Envelope is placed in UPS box with other envelopes.
5. UPS carrier picks up box, and it is shipped with other boxes using their next day air service.
6. Box is delivered to NY office mail room, where employees sort the mail.
7. Envelope is delivered to Jones at 9AM.

Email and other electronic correspondence and shared file networks have reduced the need for interoffice mail between locations. However, if documents need signatures or approvals, then interoffice mail is appropriate.

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