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M$1.05 August 27, 2009 02:58 PM

What is the ethical debate over the transplantation of DNA in an embryo?

Scientists created baby monkeys using the DNA of three parents. Apparently 99% of the DNA is from the natural process of conception while the 1% is taken from a third 'parent' and used to fix flawed DNA. Potentially this could be done in humans to stop the inheritance of genetic diseases. Why are some saying this is going to cause a use ethics debate?
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August 27, 2009 04:18 PM
This issue is potentially very technical if you don't have a biology background. Everyone knows these days that people have DNA and get some of each from their parents. But the DNA from the mother is actually two separate sorts. This experiment takes one kind from one mother and the other kind from a second mother.

The bottom line is that this is not really like the other gene fixes and transplants; in this case the offspring effectively has three biological parents.

There is nothing obviously wrong with having three biological parents instead of two. But it sure confuses a lot of social conceptions of relationship. And of course, it's not natural at all. I can readily imagine conservatives claiming that God demands that we have one mother and one father, not some other combination, the same way they claim marriage is one man and one woman.

There is also a more difficult to describe potential, well, question. This second kind of DNA from the mother (mitochondrial) never mixes with the father's DNA. It continues in an unchanged line from mother to daughter indefinitely. By deeming some lines inferior because they can cause disease, we are significantly interfering with the human genome. Maybe for the better; but, certainly requiring a very close look.


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August 27, 2009 03:29 PM
I think transplantation of DNA needs to be done at cell (egg) level and by the time it becomes and embryo you cant change the DNA that would be like transplanting DNA on a fully grown human would it not?

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August 27, 2009 05:43 PM - New Source
In fact a Japanese researcher has discovered a way to 'turn back the clock' on adult cells: Click on Chapter 3 of 5 Stem Cell Research to learn about this amazing breakthrough...
http://video.pbs.org/video/995676009/

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August 28, 2009 02:16 AM
In a word... because it's dangerous.

Because of the way animal cells develop, one false gene addition or substitution and you've created a cancer, or a retarded, gimped mutant.

Animal cells are not like plant cells, where you can mix and match genes inbetween and accross species willy-nilly without risking much. In that respect, the basic biochemstry of plant cells is vastly superior to that of animal cells.

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August 29, 2009 04:14 PM
Actually, the DNA that was transplanted into the embryo was not the normal DNA that we think about every day. This kind of DNA is actually very unique, for it comes only from the mother. If you think about the reproductive process of a female, the egg is formed and then fertilized. The most common misconception is that only the DNA from the egg and the sperm create the baby. Many diseases are actually transmitted from this unique DNA that is found in the mitochondria of the mothers egg.

The ethical debate over this issue stems from the conception that this could be used to cure diseases and in turn create a perfect race.

In my opinion though, this could be used greatly in genetics research and in the field of biology. This could not only be used to teat diseases, but it could also be used to study the nature of them as well. This method of "curing" human disease could prove itself very useful as we combat mitochondrial disease in the future.
Source(s):
NPR


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August 30, 2009 06:07 PM
So you mean it was mitochondrial DNA, and none of the stuff packed in the chromosomes in the nucleus?

In that case... transplant away. Some day reinfusions of fresh mitocondria is going to become a standard procedure for maintaining vigor in old age.

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