According to http://www.aoc.gov/cc/capitol/rotunda.cfm the image painted in the eye of the Rotunda at the Capitol is called "The Apotheosis of Washington" by Constantino Brumidi in 1865.

http://www.aoc.gov/images/apotheosis.jpg

It shows George Washington rising to the heavens with Liberty and Victory/Fame at his sides. A rainbow is under his feet. The 13 original States are symbolized by 13 maidens.

Those with a concern for religious icons in Federal buildings might have fun with the symbology since the word "apotheosis" refers to someone being raised to the rank of a god.

The primary figures that surround the base of the canopy are (in clockwise order quoted from the above source):

http://www.aoc.gov/images/apoth_war1.jpg
- War, with Armed Freedom and the eagle defeating Tyranny and Kingly Power

http://www.aoc.gov/images/apoth_sci1.jpg
- Science, with Minerva teaching Benjamin Franklin, Robert Fulton, and Samuel F.B. Morse

http://www.aoc.gov/images/apoth_mar1.jpg
- Marine, with Neptune holding his trident and Venus holding the transatlantic cable, which was being laid at the time the fresco was painted

http://www.aoc.gov/images/apoth_comm1.jpg
- Commerce, with Mercury handing a bag of money to Robert Morris, financier of the American Revolution

http://www.aoc.gov/images/apoth_mech1.jpg
- Mechanics, with Vulcan at the anvil and forge, producing a cannon and a steam engine;

http://www.aoc.gov/images/apoth_agri1.jpg
- Agriculture, with Ceres seated on the McCormick Reaper, accompanied by America in a red liberty cap and Flora picking flowers.
Source(s):
The above images are public domain and can be viewed in more detail at http://www.aoc.gov/cc/art/rotunda/apotheosis/Overview.cfm

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