Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia was the youngest daughter of Czar Nicholas II of Russia, the last sovereign of Imperial Russia. Recent evidence proves that she was executed along with the rest of her family by the Bolshevik Secret Police during the Russian Civil War that followed Nicholas' abdication.

In March 2009 DNA samples were tested against living relatives of the Romanovs. The samples gathered from the discovered bodies were confirmed to belong to the Romanov blood line. With positive DNA identification, the 20th century mystery of the Romanovs and legend of missing children has been laid to rest.CNN: DNA proves bolsheviks killed all... (March 11, 2009)

For years, various people surfaced and claimed to be Romanov survivors. In 1991, a grave was found containing bodies that were later proved to be the Romanovs, but the bodies of the only Romanov son and one of the daughters were missing. In late 2007, another grave was uncovered nearby that contained two bodies, which were later proved through DNA testing to belong to the missing Romanovs.