The Cultural Revolution

The Mahalo Top 7

1. Wikipedia: The Cultural Revolution
2. Discovering China: History of The Cultural Revolution
3. The Washington Post: Chinese Museum Looks Back in Candor (June 3, 2005)
4. Monthly Review: William Hinton on the Cultural Revolution (March 2005)
5. The New York Times: A Lifetime in Recovery From the Cultural Revolution (October 22, 2005)
6. China News Digest: Virtual Museum of the Cultural Revolution
7. Morning Sun: A Film and Website about Cultural Revolution 

The Cultural Revolution Background and Causes

• Time Asia: "Visions of China" (1999)

The Great Leap Forward

• Wikipedia: Great Leap Forward
• University of Maryland: The Great Leap Forward, 1958-1960
• Monthly Review: "Did Mao Really Kill Millions in the Great Leap Forward?" (2006)

Three Years of Natural Disasters

• Wikipedia: The Great Chinese Famine
• British Medical Journal: "China's Great Famine: 40 Years Later" (1999)
• Royal Economic Society: What Caused the Great Chinese Famine? 

Four Cleanups Movement

• Wikipedia: Socialist Education Movement
• Marxists Internet Archive: "Talk On The Four Clean-ups Movement" (1965)
• Australian National University: Cultural Revolution Conflict in the Villages (72.16KB)  

The Cultural Revolution Central Figures

Mao Zedong

• Mahalo's guide to Mao Zedong
• Marxists Internet Archive: Mao Zedong Reference Archive
• Sinohits: Chairman Mao Posters
• Wikipedia: Mao Zedong

Lin Biao

• Wikipedia: Lin Biao
• Marxists Internet Archive: Lin Biao Reference Archive
• CNN Visions of China: A Hero of the Revolution Falls Hard 
• Old Dominion University: "Distorting History: Lessons From The Lin Biao Incident" (2002)

Liu Shaoqi

• Wikipedia: Liu Shaoqi
• History Channel: Liu Shaoqi
• Marxists Internet Archive: Liu Shaoqi Reference Archive

The Gang of Four

• Mahalo's Guide to the Gang of Four
• TIME: "The Gang of Four on Trial" (1980)
• Wikipedia: Gang of Four
• BBC News: Gang of Four

The Cultural Revolution Images and Media

• Wellesley College: Songs of China's Cultural Revolution
• YouTube: China - Cultural Revolution (Time 0:46)
• Google Image Search: Cultural Revolution
• Yahoo! Image Search: Cultural Revolution
• Sinohits: Cultural Revolution Posters 

The Cultural Revolution Books and Research

• University of Maine: The Cultural Revolution Bibliography
• University of California at San Diego: The Cultural Revolution as History 
• China News Digest: "Student Attacks Against Teachers: The Revolution of 1966" (1996)
• Google Books:
  • Postsocialist Cinema in Post-Mao China...
  • The Cambridge History of China 
  • Liu Shaoqi and the Chinese Cultural Revolution

The Cultural Revolution Blogs and Message Boards

• China History Forum: The Cultural Revolution and Its Implications 
• Open Left: The Industrial Revolution Unplugged: An Interview With Author Gregory Clark
• Tessellar Blog: Mao: Learning Revolution at Home
• Paper Republic: What did you say it was?

The Cultural Revolution Timeline

• 1959: The Great Leap Forward is officially criticized as a failure and dismantled
• 1959-1962: The Three Years of Natural Disasters leads to the death of 38 million people through famine
• 1963: In an attempt to rebuild political strength, Mao Zedong establishes the Socialist Education Movement
• 1964: After officially attacking Liu Shaoqi, Mao begins the "Four Cleanups Movement"
• 1965: Jiang Qing publishes a criticism of the popular play "Hai Rui Dismissed from Office" by Wu Han
• 1966: May 16, An official denunciation of Wu Han's play
• 1966: May 18, Lin Biao declares Mao and his denunciation of Wu Han "a genius"
• 1966: May 29, The first group of Red Guards is formed
• 1966: Jun 1, The People's Daily calls for a purge of "imperialists," "imperialistic intellectuals," and others
• 1966: June 28, Mao issues his article "Bombard the Headquarters" beginning the Cultural Revolution
• 1966: August 8, The "16 Points" define the extent and nature of the revolution
• 1966: August 20, Red Guards gather in Bejing and begin the "Destruction of the Four Olds" campaign
• 1967: January 3, Jiang Qing and Lin Biao begin extensive purges known as the "January Storm"
• 1968: December, The "Down to the Countryside Movement" begins
• 1969: April 1, Lin Biao is named Vice-Chairman
• 1971: September 8-10, A string of assassination attempts on Mao occur as part of Lin Biao's coup plot
• 1971: September 13, Lin Biao is killed in a plane crash while attempting escape to the Soviet Union
• 1973: The Gang of Four begin the "Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius" campaign
• 1976: September 9, Mao Zedong dies
• 1976: October 11, After purges and brutal reprisals, opinion turns and the Gang of Four are arrested

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