Soweto Uprising

Also try: Apartheid

Also try: Apartheid in South Africa

The Mahalo Top 7

1. Wikipedia: Soweto Uprising
2. Michigan State Universtiy: Soweto Student Uprising
3. South African History Online: The Youth Struggle: The 1976 Students' Revolts
4. Socialist World: South Africa: The Soweto Uprising 1976 (June 19, 2006)
5. NPR: Soweto 1976: An Audio History (June 16, 2006)
6. BBC News: Why the Soweto Protests Erupted (June 13, 2006) 
7. TIME: The Soweto Uprising: A Soul-Cry of Rage (June 28, 1976) 

Soweto Uprising Background and Causes

Bantu Education and the Afrikaans Medium Decree

• Wikipedia: Afrikaans and the Bantu Education Act
• Michigan State University: Bantu Education
• South African History Online: South African Education
• Columbia University Press: "Afrikaans" (2006)
• University of Cape Town: "The Rise and Possible Demise of Afrikaans..." (2003) (196KB) 

Black Consciousness Movement

• Wikipedia: Black Consciousness Movement
• Michigan State University: Black Consciousness Movement
• South African History Online: Steve Biko and the Role of the Black Consciousness Movement...
• University of KwaZulu-Natal: "Black Consciousness 1977-1987" (June, 2004) (338KB) 
• South African Freedom Struggles: "I Write What I Like" (February 8, 1962)

Aftermath

• BBC News: "How Soweto Changed Everything" (June 13, 2006)
• Alternatives: "1976 Soweto Uprising: The Beginning of a New Era" (June, 2004) (338KB) 
• New York Times: "12 Years After Soweto, Pain Goes On" (June 17, 1988)
• African National Congress: "Mandela's Call After the Soweto Uprising" (June 10, 1980)

Remembering the Uprising

• University of Alberta: "Young People Are Amazing: The Soweto Uprising 30 Years On" (June 29, 2006)
• BBC News: "South Africa Marking Soweto Uprising" (June 16, 2006)
• Joburg: "The Homecoming That Wasn't" (June 12, 2006)
• CNN: "Inside Africa: Soweto Uprising Remembered" (June 15, 2001) 
• New York Times: " Soweto Students Recall '76 Uprising" (June 16, 1989)

Soweto Uprising Central Figures

Desmond Tutu

• Mahalo's Guide to Desmond Tutu
• Wikipedia: Desmond Tutu
• Nobel Foundation: "Nobel Peace Prize Lecture" (December 11, 1984)

B. J. Vorster

• Wikipedia: B. J. Vorster
• Michigan State University: Balthazar (B.J.) Johannes Vorster
• South African History Online: B. J. Vorster: Selected Speeches (1977)
• African National Congress: The Rise of the South African Reich (1964)

Hector Pieterson

• Wikipedia: Hector Pieterson
• Official Site: "The Day Hector Pieterson Died" (June 15, 2006)
• Joburg: "Hector: The Famous Child Whose Face is Unknown" (June 14, 2002) 

Soweto Uprising Images and Media

• SowetoUprising: Interactive Map of Protest Routes  
• The Guardian: Antoinette Sithole (Pieterson) on the Soweto Uprising (Time 24:50) 
• YouTube: Soweto Uprising Part 1 (Time 04:43) and Part 2 (Time 04:37)
• Google Video: Hector Pieterson Videorama (Time 03:03)
• Google Image Search: Soweto Uprising
• Yahoo! Image Search: Soweto Uprising
• Live Search Images: Soweto Uprising

Soweto Uprising Books and Research

• Columbia University Press: 'I Saw a Nightmare...' Doing Violence to Memory: The Soweto Uprising (2006)
• Columbia University Teacher's College: "Violence in South African Schools" (November 15, 1999) (197KB) 
• University of Arizona: "What Caused the Collapse of Apartheid?" (Summer, 1999) (1.61MB) 
• Amazon: Soweto 16 June 1976

Soweto Uprising Blogs and Message Boards

• BBC News: Have Your Say: How has South Africa Changed Since Soweto?
• Times Online News Blog: The Soweto Uprising: A Web Guide 
• SowetoUprising: The Events Leading To The Uprisings 
• Zizzle-Zot: People of Note: Steven Biko

Soweto Uprising Timeline

• 1974: The Afrikaans Medium Decree requires schools to implement an English-Afrikaans curriculum
• 1976: April 30, Students at Orlando West Junior School go on strike to protest the forced use of Afrikaans
• 1976: June 13, Student Leaders from several schools form the Soweto Students’ Representative Council
• 1976: June 16, Thousands of students gather for a rally at Orlando Stadium
• 1976: June 16, Students begin marching only to discover that their route had been barricaded by police
• 1976: June 16, Police, realizing they are greatly outnumbered, panic and fire into the crowd of protesters
• 1976: June 16, Hastings Ndlovu is the first person shot
• 1976: June 16, 13-year-old Hector Pieterson is shot next
• 1976: June 17, Though violence had subsided the night before, the South African Army is deployed
• 1976: June 18, The conflict ends after hundreds of casualties and over 1,000 injuries