Guide Note:

James K. Polk was the eleventh President of the United States. During his administration, Polk re-established an Independent Treasury System, reduced tariffs, resolved the Oregon Boundary Dispute, and purchased California from Mexico. He retired after one term, and did not seek re-election.

Fast Facts:

1. Born: November 2, 1795
2. Political Party: Democrat
3. Administration: 1845-1849
4. Vice President(s): George M. Dallas
5. Succeeded by: Zachary Taylor
6. Secretary(ies) of State: James Buchanan
7. Spouse: Sarah Childress Polk
8. Occupation: Lawyer, Farmer
9. Died:June 15, 1849

• December 29, 1845: Texas admitted to the Union
• December 28, 1846: Iowa admitted to the Union
• 1846: Walker Tariff
• February 2, 1848: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
• May 29, 1848: Wisconsin admitted to the Union
• August 14, 1848: Organization of Oregon Territory

Following the annexation of Texas, Polk sought to purchase additional land from Mexico. When the Mexicans refused to negotiate the sale of half of Mexico, Polk called for congress to approve a declaration of war. American forces led by Zachary Taylor, successfully invaded Mexico. After a number of victories, Mexico and the U.S. negotiated the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Treaty included the sale of California, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and Utah, as well as Mexicos recognition of Texas.