Compass

Guide Note:

The compass is a navigational device used to determine one's physical orientation and position. Generally a compass provides the Cardinal directions of North, South, East, and West. In the absence of physical or familiar landmarks it is an essential tool in calculating position and direction.

Fast Facts

1. Common Uses: Determining position and direction
2. Made from: Magnetized needle encased in fluid such as oil or alcohol
3. Price Range: $10 - $50

Traditionally a compass is constructed with a magnetized needle rod, resting on a low friction surface floating on fluid. The origin of the compass is debated, but James Carlson has traced back its use to before 1000 BC by the Olmec community in Mexico. Some experts claim the origin traces back to the Chinese which references magnetism and its use in early documents. Because of its reliance on the earth's magnetism the device should never be used near strong electromagnetic forces or objects.

• Silva
• Brunton
• Suunto
• Rothco