Chester A. Arthur

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WhiteHouse.org: Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States
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USNews.com: Civil Service Reform: Pendleton Act (1883)
Americanheritage.com: "How Illegal Immigration Was Born": Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)
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Chester A. Arthur Books and Research

Chinese Exclusion Act 1882

Wikipedia: Chinese Exclusion Act
PBS.org Documents on Anti-Chinese Immigration Policy
Yale Law School: Chinese Exclusion Act

Civil Service Reform Act

Wikipedia: Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act 9 (1883)
Answers.com: First comprehensive civil service law since 1883 Civil Service Reform Act (1978)

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Chester A. Arthur Timeline

October 5, 1829: Born
1848: Arthur graduates from Union College in Schenectady, N.Y
1861–63: Quartermaster General of New York State
1871 -1878: Collector of the Port of New York
January 12, 1880: Ellen Lewis Herndon Arthur dies of Pneumonia
1880: Republican Party nominates Chester A. Arthur for Vice President
September 20, 1881: Inaugurated President after the death of President James A. Garfield
November 18, 1886: Died of an Apoplectic Stroke

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Guide Note:

Chester A. Arthur was the 21st President of the United States. He was the 20th Vice-President under James A. Garfield, but after Garfield was mortally wounded, Garfield assumed the presidency. He is the only president in U.S. history, to not have a Vice-President in his administration.

Fast Facts:

Born: October 5, 1829
Political Party: Republican
Administration: 1881-1885
Vice President(s): Only US President not to have a Vice President
Succeeded by: Grover Cleveland
Secretary(ies) of State: James G. Blaine, Fredrick T. Frelinghuysen
Spouse: Ellen Lewis Herndon
Occupation: Lawyer, Civil Servant, Teacher
Died: November 18, 1886

Timeline

July 2, 1881: James A. Garfield shot by Charles J. Guiteau
September 20, 1881: Arthur takes the oath of office following Garfield's death
May 6, 1882: Chinese Exclusion Act
January 16, 1883: Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act
October 15, 1883: Civil Rights Cases

The Chinese Exclusion Act

Leading up to Arthur's administration, Chinese immigration had increased, due to the 1849 Gold Rush and the building of the Transcontinental Railroad. With several political factions blaming the depressed post-Civil War economy of immigrants, Aurthur was pressured to pass legislation limiting the influx of foreign laborers. The act stipulated that chinese skilled and unskilled workers could not enter the country for a period of ten years. The act was the first significant piece of immigration restriction in U.S. History.

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